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Thermoforming and thermosetting plastics

1 Introduction

In this section you should know about the types, properties, structure and uses of thermoforming and thermosetting polymers.

  • Polymers are everywhere and have a wide range of uses.
  • A synthetic polymer is usually made from oil based petrochemicals, but coal and gas can also be used.
  • There are two main types – thermoset and thermoformed.

2 Polymers

Thermoforming polymers

One of the their biggest advantages is that they can be recycled – less waste etc.

  • The list of thermoforming polymers is extensive – including:
  • Acrylic
  • High impact polystyrene (HIPS)
  • Biodegradable polymers i.e. Biopol.

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Thermosetting polymers

One of the their biggest advantages is that they are heat, chemical and solvent safe i.e. they will not change shape while being exposed to the above conditions.

  • The list of thermosetting polymers is extensive – including:
  • Polyester resin
  • Urea formaldehyde

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Summary

  • Thermoforming plastics can be recycled
  • Thermosetting plastics cannot be recycled
  • Most synthetic polymers are made from crude oil
  • Polymers include the following materials: acrylic and high-impact polystrene.

You try

  • Research the system used to identify which polymers can be recycled.
  • Identify a range of polymers that can be recycled using this system.
  • Research and give examples of the full properties of polymers around the house:
  • Insulator of heat
  • Insulator of electricity
  • Toughness

3 Recap

Exam style Questions

  • Explain the differences in structure of thermoforming and thermosetting polymers.
  • Explain one reason why some children’s toys are made from HIPS.
  • Name two polymers that are good thermal insulators.
  • Name three things often made from thermoforming polymers.
  • Draw the structure of a thermosetting polymer